Theodore Roosevelt National Park is in North Dakota. It was named for President Theodore Roosevelt, who loved the outdoors and cared deeply for nature. Because of his passion for protecting the wild, people honored him by naming this park after him.
Today, the park is famous for its wide grasslands and rocky hills known as “badlands.” It is divided into three parts: the North Unit, the South Unit, and the Elkhorn Ranch Unit. Each section has its own unique views and animals.
Many visitors enjoy watching bison graze on the plains. Some even spot wild horses in the distance, and many stop at overlooks to admire the colorful, layered rocks of the landscape. At the visitor centers, friendly rangers offer maps and answer questions to help you learn more.
- The park covers over 70,000 acres.
- The land shows layers of rock in many colors and shapes.
- The Little Missouri River flows through the park and creates pretty views.
If you want to see more places with similar landscapes, visit Exploring the Otherworldly Beauty of Badlands National Park. Both parks have rocky wonders, but each one has its own special features.
Plan your visit so you have time to explore each part of the park. The drive between the North Unit and South Unit can take a while. Some visitors choose to explore one area, while others visit all three. Always check the park website for current rules, fees, or road updates.
For more details on rules for pets and drones, see Why Does the US National Park Service Hate My Dog and Drone?. It explains why some parks have limits on pets and drones.
This park has so much to offer. The tall cliffs and wide valleys can make you feel small—and that is part of its charm.
Driving the Scenic Loop Road
Many visitors begin their journey on the Scenic Loop Road in the South Unit. This drive takes you past hills, valleys, and wildlife. Currently, the road is closed at the 12-mile mark, so you can only drive 12 miles before you must turn back.
Even those 12 miles hold many wonders:
- High points to see for miles
- Bison herds near the road
- Rocky cliffs with colorful layers
- Pullouts to park your car and snap photos
Take your time if you see bison on the road. They move slowly, so do not honk or try to rush them. Keep a safe distance, as bison can act unpredictably if they feel threatened.
The loop drive is also a great chance to see wild horses. They sometimes wander near the road and may gather in small groups on cool mornings. Bring binoculars if you want a closer view.
Below is a table showing a typical route on the loop drive:
| Scenic Drive Steps | Experience |
|---|---|
| Start at the South Unit entrance | Grab a map and read the posted alerts |
| Drive the first few miles | See open fields and maybe some prairie dogs |
| Approach the 12-mile closure | Watch for bison groups and sudden stops |
| Turn around and head back | Explore overlooks and snap photos of the cliffs |
Since you cannot complete the full loop, plan extra time to visit other scenic spots like the Painted Canyon Overlook. For more advice on dealing with road closures, see Navigating US National Parks Road Closures in Spring. Roads may close because of damage or to protect wildlife.
Even the short section of the Scenic Loop Road offers a true taste of the park. A brief drive here can become a cherished memory.
Wild Bison and Other Wildlife
Bison attract many visitors. They graze on grassy hills and sometimes wander onto roads. You may hear them grunt or see them rolling in the dust, which helps protect them from insects.
Important bison safety tips:
- Never walk up to a bison—they can run faster than you think.
- If bison are near your car, wait quietly until they move.
- Keep your pets inside your car if bison are close.
You might also spot prairie dogs, which peek out of small holes and chirp. Elk, deer, and even wild horses live here too. Early mornings or sunsets are the best times to see them.
Bird watchers also have a great time. Hawks and eagles soar above the canyons, and smaller birds rest in the shrubs. In warm weather, bright yellow or red birds may appear on the trees.
For more on wildlife in other parks, visit Discovering the Mammals of Yellowstone National Park: A Wildlife Wonderland. Compare bison sightings here with the diverse animals in Yellowstone.
Below is a chart of animals you may see in the park:
| Animal | Where to See Them | Best Time of Day |
|---|---|---|
| Bison | Near roads, open grasslands | Morning, late afternoon |
| Prairie Dogs | Prairie dog towns (small holes in the ground) | Daytime |
| Wild Horses | Grassy hills or ridges | Morning, mild evenings |
| Elk | Wooded areas near riverbanks | Dusk or dawn |
| Hawks & Eagles | Circling above cliffs and canyons | Afternoon |
Watching animals in nature is exciting. Keep your distance and respect their space for a safe and pleasant visit.
Can I Bring My Dog?
Many ask if they can bring their dogs to Theodore Roosevelt National Park. The answer is yes, but there are limits. Dogs are allowed in parking areas, campgrounds, and picnic spots—but not on hiking trails.
Reasons for banning dogs on trails include:
- Dogs can scare or chase wildlife.
- Wild animals like bison may become defensive around dogs.
- Dogs might bark or leave waste that can harm nature.
If you have a dog, you can still drive along the Scenic Loop Road. You may stop at overlooks and let your dog out on a leash—but not on the trails. For more details on pet rules, check out Exploring Yellowstone National Park: A Dog-Friendly Adventure or Our Adventure Taking Dogs to Zion National Park. Each park has its own guidelines, so be sure to read ahead.
If you want to hike, consider having someone stay with your dog in the car or at a campsite so you can take turns. Always bring water for your dog, as North Dakota can be very hot in summer and cold in winter.
Many travelers with dogs choose pet-friendly hotels near the park. This way, your dog can rest while you explore the trails, and you won’t have to keep your dog in the car.
The park rules help protect both wildlife and dogs. Bison and dogs do not mix well on narrow trails, so following the rules keeps everyone safe.
Exploring the Three Park Units
Theodore Roosevelt National Park is divided into three main sections: the North Unit, the South Unit, and the Elkhorn Ranch Unit. Each part has its own feel and charm.
- South Unit: The most popular section, featuring the Scenic Loop Road (now partly closed at 12 miles) and the main visitor center in Medora. Hiking trails are available, but dogs must stay off them. We stayed at nearby Rough Rider state park campground at Whitetail flats.
- North Unit: Located about 70 miles from the South Unit, this area has deep canyons and fewer crowds. Many enjoy the River Bend Overlook in this quieter setting.
- Elkhorn Ranch Unit: Situated between the North and South Units, this area was once Theodore Roosevelt’s ranch. It is calm and marked by historical sites. Roads here can be dirt or gravel, so check conditions if it rains.
If you have only one day, choose the South Unit for its close proximity to Medora. With extra time, you can explore all three sections.
Below is a quick comparison of the units:
| Unit | Main Feature | Likely Time Needed |
|---|---|---|
| South Unit | Visitor Center, Scenic Loop Road | Half-day or more |
| North Unit | Deep canyons, fewer crowds | Half-day or more |
| Elkhorn Ranch | Historic ranch site of T. Roosevelt | 1-2 hours (with drive) |
After your visit, you might want to see other parks. Check out Exploring Tetons National Park in Spring 2024 to compare how roads and weather differ from North Dakota to Wyoming.
Each section offers a unique view of the park. Some areas show rolling grass, while others have jagged rocks. Visiting all three parts lets you experience the park’s full beauty.
Fun Activities for Everyone
Even with the 12-mile road closure, there is plenty to do. Some visitors take short walks on nature trails, while others enjoy scenic drives or guided ranger programs.
Consider these activities when visiting:
- Hiking: With over 100 miles of trails, start on the easier paths and work your way to more challenging routes. Always bring water and know your limits.
- Ranger Talks: Listen to park rangers as they share stories about wildlife, history, and the land. Ask the visitor center for schedule details.
- Wildlife Viewing: The best time to see animals is at sunrise or sunset. Bring binoculars for a closer look.
- Photography: The badlands glow with orange and pink hues during sunrise and sunset. Capture these beautiful moments.
Families with young kids may enjoy the Junior Ranger Program. Children get a booklet with fun puzzles that help them learn about the park. If they like this, also check out The US National Parks Junior Ranger Program for Toddlers.
For longer visits, campgrounds let you sleep under the stars, or you can stay in nearby Medora where hotels, cabins, and RV parks are available. For more on campsite life, read The Reality of RV National Park Campgrounds: Expectations vs. Reality.
Remember to take breaks. North Dakota weather can be hot in summer or cool in fall. Stay hydrated and pack snacks, as many trails do not have water.
Planning for Weather and Fees
North Dakota weather can be tricky. The park experiences hot summers, cold winters, and sudden storms. Always check the weather before you go.
- Summer: Temperatures can reach the 90s. Bring hats, sunscreen, and plenty of water.
- Fall: Cooler and often windy. Leaves near the river may turn yellow.
- Winter: Snow may close roads. Pack warm gear and be ready for cold weather.
- Spring: Trails can be muddy and slippery. Wear proper footwear.
Entrance fees are collected at the gate or visitor center. You can buy a seven-day pass or a yearly pass if you visit many parks. If you already have a national parks pass, you can use it.
Fee tips:
- One car pass covers everyone inside the car.
- Discounts are available for seniors and some military members.
- Sometimes there are free park days. Check the official park website.
If you visit in winter, wear sturdy boots and be prepared for snow. Roads may be icy or closed, so it is smart to keep a winter kit in your car with blankets, a shovel, and other supplies.
The park has basic campgrounds with limited services in the off-season. The South Unit’s Cottonwood Campground is popular, while the North Unit’s Juniper Campground is quieter. Reserve your spot early if you plan to camp.
Hotels and motels are available in nearby towns. Medora is near the South Unit, and Watford City is close to the North Unit. For more adventures, visit Exploring the Otherworldly Beauty of Badlands National Park or A Week Exploring the Big 5 National Parks in Utah.
Memories, Safety, and Our Experience
A good plan is useful when visiting Theodore Roosevelt National Park, but leave time for surprises. We once took a small detour and saw bison crossing right in front of us. Their slow pace and graceful movement left us in awe.
One evening, we drove along a quiet road and watched the sunset turn the cliffs bright orange. It felt calm and peaceful, and we even heard coyotes in the distance. If you enjoy star-gazing, consider staying after dark—a clear sky might reveal the Milky Way.
- Always carry a paper map in case phone service is weak.
- Ask park rangers if you are unsure about a trail or rule.
- Keep a safe distance from all wildlife, even if they seem calm.
Next, we visited the North Unit, which was quieter than the South Unit. The sound of wind through tall grass and a quiet overlook made for a peaceful time. The following day, we drove to Elkhorn Ranch on a bumpy road. Seeing where Theodore Roosevelt once lived made the park feel even more special.
We learned to respect nature. When we stopped for short hikes, our dog stayed safely in the car. Always follow the pet rules posted in the park. For more park stories, check out Exploring Theodore Roosevelt National Park: A Haven of Natural Beauty.
From open fields to hidden canyons, Theodore Roosevelt National Park offers moments you will remember. Simple rules—like not leaving trash and giving wildlife space—help keep the park safe for everyone.
Frequently Asked Questions
1) Is the Scenic Loop Road always closed at 12 miles?
The closure may change. At this time, it is closed at the 12-mile mark. Always check the official park website or ask at the visitor center for the latest updates.
2) Can I bring my dog on any trail here?
No. Dogs are not allowed on trails. They are permitted only in parking areas, on roads, and in campgrounds. Always keep them leashed.
3) Are there wild horses in Theodore Roosevelt National Park?
Yes. Visitors sometimes see wild horses roaming the grasslands. They can be found near roads or on ridges.
4) Do I need a reservation for camping?
It is wise to reserve a camping spot during busy times, especially in summer. Check the park website for information on available sites and booking details.
5) What should I do if bison block the road?
Stay in your car, maintain a safe distance, and wait. Do not honk or try to scare them. Bison will move on their own.
6) How long should I spend in each park unit?
Each section can take about half a day to explore. The South Unit is popular for first-time visitors; with extra time, visit the North Unit and Elkhorn Ranch Unit as well.
7) Do I need four-wheel drive for the Elkhorn Ranch Unit?
Some roads can be rough or muddy. A car with good clearance or four-wheel drive is recommended. Always check weather and road conditions before you go.
8) Is there a Junior Ranger Program for my kids?
Yes. Ask a ranger or visit the visitor center for the Junior Ranger booklet. It is a fun way for kids to learn and earn a badge.
9) What’s the best time of year to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park?
Late spring and early fall typically have mild weather. Summer can be very hot, and winter very cold with snow. Choose a time that works for you.
10) Is there a fee to enter the park?
Yes. There is a fee per vehicle. You can purchase a seven-day pass or use an annual pass. Check with the entrance station or visitor center for details.
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